{"id":1131,"date":"2013-05-27T14:59:12","date_gmt":"2013-05-27T13:59:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/?p=1131"},"modified":"2013-07-24T09:55:09","modified_gmt":"2013-07-24T08:55:09","slug":"the-posidonia-oceanica-seagrass-meadow-of-the-mediterranean-legal-protection-and-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/?p=1131","title":{"rendered":"The <em>Posidonia oceanica<\/em> seagrass meadow of the Mediterranean : legal protection and management."},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">All around the Mediterranean, the marine Phanerogam <i>Posidonia oceanica <\/i>forms vast underwater meadows between the surface and 30-40 m depth. These seagrass meadows play a major ecological and economic role\u00a0: exceptional richness of flora and fauna, strong primary production, spawning ground and nursery for numerous species (in particular for fishes that have economic value), fixing of sediments and control of the profile of equilibrium of sandy shorelines. <i>Posidonia oceanica, <\/i>and the meadows it constructs, are protected by law in France (<i>Arr\u00eat\u00e9<\/i> of July 19, 1988, <i>D\u00e9cret <\/i>of September 20, 1989), in Catalonia (<i>Ordre <\/i>of July 31, 1991) and in the <i>Communidad Valenciana <\/i>(<i>Ordre <\/i>of January 23, 1992). In addition, various international documents (European Union, Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, etc) make specific mention of the <i>P. oceanica <\/i>meadows. The regression of <i>P. oceanica <\/i>meadows has become generalised around much of the Mediterranean coastline. This regression is due to encroachment by coastal development installations (harbours, sea walls, etc), pollution, trawling and the pressure of anchoring in open berth moorings. In the Provence-Alpes-C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur <i>R\u00e9gion<\/i>, the <i>R\u00e9seau de Surveillance Posidonies <\/i>(Posidonia Monitoring Network) has made possible detailed monitoring of the recent evolution of the meadow\u00a0: in a few sites, regression seems to be abated. Nevertheless, for the Mediterranean as a whole, there are no proper measures to afford real protection of the <i>P. oceanica <\/i>meadow. Mooring and trawling continue in an uncontrolled fashion, the areas of meadow that are included in protected areas remain modest in size and development shemes continue to be carried out on the meadows. The setting up of antitrawl artificial reefs is proposed to avoid trawling in <i>Posidonia <\/i>beds. The development of transplanting technics in order to restore areas where the <i>P. oceanica <\/i>meadows have been reduced or destroyed by human activity is promising, provided that it is not used as a set-off against new deliberate destruction.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/Posidonia_ramoge.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-986 aligncenter\" alt=\"Posidonia_ramoge\" src=\"http:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/Posidonia_ramoge.jpg\" width=\"165\" height=\"235\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/Posidonia_ramoge.jpg 644w, https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/05\/Posidonia_ramoge-211x300.jpg 211w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 165px) 100vw, 165px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Vincent Gravez et Charles-Fran\u00e7ois Boudouresque<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>All around the Mediterranean, the marine Phanerogam Posidonia oceanica forms vast underwater meadows between the surface and 30-40 m depth. These seagrass meadows play a major ecological and economic role\u00a0: exceptional richness of flora and fauna, strong primary production, spawning ground and nursery for numerous species (in particular for fishes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1541,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[54],"class_list":["post-1131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-herbiers-de-posidonie-observation-et-suivis","tag-posidonie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1131","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1131"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1131\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1543,"href":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1131\/revisions\/1543"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1541"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1131"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1131"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gisposidonie.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1131"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}